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+title = "Archlinux installation"
+date = 2020-07-01
++++
+
+<section>
+
+## Introduction
+Through my 5 years with different Archlinux installations, I made up my mind to 
+document the one that fullfills my needs. The main goal is a minimal arch install
+(like any other), including systemd and refind, without using any crappy ncurses
+interface, and of course powered by btrfs (zfs an other day).
+
+Installation process is heavily inspired by :
+- [Bullet proof arch install](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/User:Altercation/Bullet_Proof_Arch_Install)
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Partitions
+``` bash
+$ sgdisk --clear \
+	--new=1:0:+550MiB --typecode=1:ef00 --change-name=1:EFI \
+	--new=2:0:+8GiB --typecode=2:8200 --change-name=2:cryptswap \
+	--new=3:0:0 --typecode=3:8300 --change-name=3:cryptsystem \
+	/dev/nvme0n1
+$ sgdisk --clear \
+	--new=1:0:1025GiB --typecode=1:8300 --change-name=1:wsd \
+/dev/sda
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Encryption
+
+```bash
+$ cryptsetup luksFormat --align-payload=8192 -s 256 -c aes-xts-plain64 /dev/disk/by-partlabel/cryptsystem
+$ cryptsetup open /dev/disk/by-partlabel/cryptsystem system
+$ cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/urandom /dev/disk/by-partlabel/cryptswap swap
+$ mkswap -L swap /dev/mapper/swap
+$ swapon -L swap
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## File format
+
+```bash
+$ mkfs.fat -F32 -n EFI /dev/disk/by-partlabel/EFI
+$ mkfs.ext4 -n wsd /dev/disk/by-partlabel/wsd
+$ mkfs.btrfs --force --label system /dev/mapper/system
+$ o=defaults,x-mount.mkdir
+$ o_btrfs=$o,compress=lzo,ssd,noatime
+$ mount -t btrfs LABEL=system /mnt
+$ mount -t btrfs LABEL=system /mnt
+$ btrfs subvolume create /mnt/root
+$ btrfs subvolume create /mnt/home
+$ btrfs subvolume create /mnt/snapshots
+$ umount -R /mnt
+$ mount -t btrfs -o subvol=root,$o_btrfs LABEL=system /mnt
+$ mount -t btrfs -o subvol=home,$o_btrfs LABEL=system /mnt/home
+$ mount -t btrfs -o subvol=snapshots,$o_btrfs LABEL=system /mnt/.snapshots
+$ mkdir /mnt/wsd
+$ mount LABEL=wsd /mnt/wsd
+$ mkdir /mnt/boot
+$ mount LABEL=EFI /mnt/boot
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+## Base install
+
+```bash
+$ pacstrap /mnt basenvim
+$ genfstab -L -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
+```
+Open up /mnt/etc/fstab (old, new):
+```bash
+LABEL=swap none swap defaults 0 0
+```
+```bash
+/dev/mapper/cryptswap none swap sw 0 0
+```
+Open up /mnt/etc/crypttab, append at the end:
+```bash
+swap /dev/disk/by-partlabel/cryptswap /dev/urandom swap,offset=2048,cipher=aes-xts-plain64,size=256
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Base systemd
+
+The only way to have a non-biased opinion about systemd is to mix it yourself in your base install.
+
+```bash
+$ systemd-nspawn -bD /mnt
+$ localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
+$ timedatectl set-ntp 1
+$ timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Paris
+$ hostnamectl set-hostname WS-workstationname
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Base packages
+
+After spending more than one day on some archlinux shenanigans, you need linux-firmware package for a propper booting install, since 2019 :questionmark:
+
+```bash
+$ pacman -Syu base-devel linux linux-firmware refind-efi btrfs-prog gptfdisk zsh wget curl git zip unzip ntfs-3g
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Initramfs
+
+```bash
+$ mv /etc/mkinitcpio.conf /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.orig
+```
+ Open up /etc/mkinitcpio.conf :
+
+```bash
+MODULES=""
+BINARIES=""
+FILES=""
+HOOKS="base systemd sd-vconsole modconf keyboard block filesystems btrfs sd-encrypt fsck"
+```
+```bash
+$ mkinicpio -p linux
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## rEFind
+
+```bash
+$ refind-install
+```
+
+We now reached the trickiest part for installing rEFind.
+Hit Ctrl+Alt+F2, exec this last code block, and then reach back TTy1 (nspawn doesn't allow deep disk modification / access).
+
+```bash
+$ arch-chroot /mnt
+$ refind-install
+```
+Open up /boot/EFI/refind/refind.conf, or somewhere like that in the EFI dir :
+
+```config
+timeout 5
+use_graphics_for windows
+also_scan_dirs   +,@/
+```
+```config
+btrfs filesystem show system
+lsblk -fs
+```
+Open up /boot/EFI/refind/refind.conf, or somewhere like that in the EFI dir :
+```config
+Add the following value if you are using an intel cpu : initrd=/intel-ucode.img
+"Boot with standard options"  "rd.luks.name=*FILL IN UUID FROM PARTITION*=cryptsystem root=UUID=*UUID FROM encrypted root subvolume* rootflags=subvol=root initrd=/initramfs-linux.img"
+```
+</section>
+
+<section>
+
+## Reboot
+
+```bash
+$ passwd
+$ poweroff
+$ reboot
+#finger crossed !!
+```
+</section>